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The Palestinian Authority (PA)

Spotlight on Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (June 10 – 17 , 2025)

IDF forces continued extensive aerial and ground attacks on targets belonging to Hamas and the other terrorist organizations operating in the Gaza Strip. Palestinian reports indicated a decrease in the intensity of the attacks and a withdrawal of forces from certain areas. Three IDF soldiers were killed in combat in the southern Gaza Strip; No progress has been made in the negotiations for a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and the release of the hostages. Hamas denied Iranian involvement in the negotiations. A senior Hamas figure said the Israel-Iran War might lead to a temporary ceasefire in the Strip; The Gaza Humanitarian Foundation continued distributing food packages, for the first time operating all four of its distribution points in one day while facing Hamas accusations of deliberate gunfire on civilians who had come to the distribution centers; Hamas security forces in the Gaza Strip continued taking action against members of the armed militia of Yasser Abu Shabab, which receives support from Israel. Documents were published revealing Hamas' method for exploiting humanitarian aid entering the Strip; The land convoy with 1,500 volunteers which set out from Tunisia to the Rafah Crossing was forced to turn back after authorities in eastern Libya blocked its path and Egyptian authorities expelled foreign activists. Activists in Malaysia announced their intention to send a thousand vessels to "break the siege" on the Gaza Strip; IDF forces killed a terrorist who carried out a shooting at a checkpoint near the settlement of Hermesh in western Samaria. Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism activity in Judea and Samaria; The Two-State Solution conference planned to be held in New York under the sponsorship of France and Saudi Arabia was postponed because of the Israel-Iran War. 
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (June 9 – 16, 2025)

IDF forces continued counteracting Hezbollah's presence in south Lebanon in violation of the ceasefire agreement and against the organization's renewed efforts to rebuild its military capabilities; Senior Hezbollah figures and Lebanese government officials again called on the international community to exert pressure on Israel to end its "violations" of the ceasefire. A senior Hezbollah figure claimed they did not expect Lebanon to launch a military conflict due to its weakness vis-à-vis Israel; The Lebanese army searched a building in the Dahiyeh al-Janoubia in coordination with the ceasefire supervision committee after having been given information by Israel about the presence of weapons; A disagreement was reported within the Lebanese leadership regarding the toughening of UNIFIL's mandate, which is expected to end in August 2025. Hezbollah claimed they supported extending the mandate; The Lebanese leadership condemned an incident in which a resident in south Lebanon was filmed hitting a UNIFIL soldier. The UNIFIL spokesman stressed the agency's right to conduct patrols without an escort of Lebanese army forces; The Lebanese prime minister said the country had regained control of Beirut's international airport and was waging a fight against smuggling. The American ambassador to Lebanon has reportedly expressed dissatisfaction with the authorities' handling of the issue of Hezbollah’s disarmament; Disarming the Palestinian refugee camps has been postponed because of the Israel-Iran War and Internal-Palestinian disputes.
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (June 3 – 10, 2025)

IDF forces continued extensive air and ground attacks on targets belonging to Hamas and the other terrorist organizations operating in the Gaza Strip and expanded their control to additional areas. A leader of the Mujaheddin Brigades who participated in the October 7, 2023 attack and massacre was eliminated. He was also involved in holding and murdering hostages. Five IDF fighters were killed in two incidents; Hamas said it was prepared to hold renewed negotiations for a permanent ceasefire and accused the Israeli government of the stalemate; The humanitarian fund in the Gaza Strip continued to distribute food packages at centers and through local traders. Hamas accused IDF forces and American security guards of shooting at civilians who had arrived in the area; Hamas security forces announced they would pursue members of the Yasser Abu Shabab militia after confirmation that Israel had given them weapons. Chaos continues in the Gaza Strip with looting, exchanges of fire and executions; The IDF stopped the protest ship Madeleine en route to the Gaza Strip and deported most of the passengers to their original countries. A land convoy with thousands of volunteers left Tunisia for the Rafah Crossing in an attempt to "break the siege"; Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria; Palestinian Authority chairman Abbas sent a letter to the French president and the Saudi Arabian crown prince in preparation for the "two-state solution conference" in New York. He called for the release of the hostages in the Gaza Strip and declared that the "Palestinian state" would be demilitarized if it received international protection.
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (June 4–9, 2025)

IDF forces continued counteracting Hezbollah’s presence in south Lebanon in violation of the ceasefire agreement and against the organization’s renewed efforts to rebuild it military capabilities. Structures in the Dahiyeh al-Janoubia in Beirut used by Hezbollah’s aerial unit to produce thousands of UAVs were attacked; Hezbollah denied Israel’s accusations and called on the Lebanese government to increase diplomatic pressure against "the violations and aggression." Senior figures in the Lebanese government also condemned the attacks and accused Israel of "violating" the country’s sovereignty and the ceasefire agreement; The prime minister of Lebanon stated that the Lebanese army had dismantled more than 500 "military sites" south of the Litani River. The Lebanese army threatened to stop cooperating with the ceasefire monitoring committee because of continued Israeli attacks, but conducted searches in the Dahiyeh al-Janoubia in coordination with the committee out of fear of another attack; The UN secretary general appointed a new UNIFIL commander. Lebanon will request the renewal of the UNIFIL mandate although Israel and the United States reportedly want to end it; Hezbollah praised its parliamentary faction’s meeting with Prime Minister Nawaf Salam and claimed willingness to reach understandings. However, the organization emphasized that all disputed issues with Israel had to be resolved before there could be any discussion of its disarming; According to reports, a Palestinian delegation met with Lebanese army officers and stated a commitment to disarming in the Palestinian refugee camps, but admitted that they had rushed to set the timetable before agreeing on an organized mechanism for collecting the weapons.
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Spotlight on Terrorism: Hezbollah and Lebanon (May 26 – June 4, 2025)

IDF forces continued to operate against the presence of Hezbollah in south Lebanon in violation of the ceasefire understandings and against the organization’s attempts to renew its military capabilities. Six Hezbollah operatives were eliminated and weapons storage facilities in south Lebanon and in the Beqa'a Valley were attacked; Senior Hezbollah figures continued to criticize the Lebanese government's diplomatic conduct in response to Israeli “violations” and emphasized the role of the “resistance"; Senior Lebanese government officials reiterated the claim that the Israeli presence in south Lebanon prevented the army from deploying to the border and claimed that Hezbollah was complying with the ceasefire terms; The president and prime minister of Lebanon reaffirmed their commitment to ensuring the state’s monopoly on weapons. Hezbollah expressed outrage at the Lebanese foreign minister’s remarks against the organization but welcomed President Aoun’s actions following their first meeting; Hezbollah reportedly changed its organizational and military structure following the penetration of Israeli intelligence and the damage to the organization’s security; The Iranian foreign minister visited Lebanon and met with senior government officials and with Hezbollah's secretary general. He claimed his country sought good relations with Lebanon and did not interfere in its internal affairs; A senior officer in the Lebanese army informed representatives of the Palestinian "factions" of the intention to begin disarming the refugee camps in the middle of the month. 
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Spotlight on the Israel-Palestinian Conflict (May 27 – June 3, 2025)

IDF forces continued extensive aerial and ground attacks on terrorist targets of Hamas and other terrorist organizations in the Gaza Strip. Three IDF soldiers and an Israeli civilian employee of the IDF were killed in two explosive device incidents in the northern Gaza Strip. The IDF spokesperson officially announced the elimination of Muhammad al-Sinwar, the head of Hamas’ military wing; Israel and Hamas disagreed over the ceasefire agreement proposed by United States envoy Steve Witkoff. Hamas said that while they were open to negotiations, they would not release hostages without sufficient guarantees for ending the war; The American company established to distribute humanitarian aid in Gaza reported that approximately six million packages had been distributed at four centers in the southern and central Gaza Strip. Reports of the increasing looting of aid trucks and food warehouses led Hamas security forces to execute suspects; A ship of pro-Palestinian activists set sail from Sicily toward the Gaza Strip in an attempt to “break the siege; Israeli security forces continued extensive counterterrorism operations in Judea and Samaria, during which about $2 million intended for financing terrorism was seized; Palestinian Authority chairman Mahmoud Abbas held an online meeting with a delegation of Arab foreign ministers after Israel prevented them from arriving in Ramallah.
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The Palestinian Authority (PA)

The Palestinian Authority is a semi-autonomous entity which controls most of the Palestinian population in Judea and Samaria. The Palestinian Authority was established in 1994 by virtue of agreements signed as part of the Oslo process between Israel and the PLO. Formally, the Palestinian Authority also controls the Gaza Strip, but in reality it lost control of the Gaza Strip in June 2007 when Hamas violently took control. Since Yasser Arafat’s death, Mahmoud Abbas (Abu Mazen) has headed the Palestinian Authority.

The Palestinian Authority’s status under Yasser Arafat was severely damaged by the Palestinian terrorist campaign (the Al-Aqsa, or Second Intifada, 2000 until 2005). Israel asserted that it failed to function since it did not fight against terrorism and even played an active role in organizing and funding terrorist attacks against Israelis. Israel ended cooperation with it and most Palestinian Authority activities came to a standstill.

After the end of the Second Intifada, Arafat’s death and his succession by Abu Mazen, Israel changed its policy towards the Palestinian Authority and the relations between them improved. Today, the Palestinian Authority controls area A in Judea and Samaria and enjoys partial cooperation with Israel, mainly in terms of security and administration. In the territories under its control, the Palestinian Authority operates through its security services, in coordination with Israel, to maintain internal order and prevent terrorist attacks. At the same time, the Palestinian Authority supports “popular resistance” (popular terrorism), providing political and even practical backing to acts of violence taking place as part of this kind of terrorism.

Many countries around the world give the Palestinian Authority some sort of recognition as a political entity, although most of them do not recognize it as a sovereign state. Some of them formalized their diplomatic relations with the Palestinian Authority and promoted their representatives to the status of ambassadors. On November 29, 2012, the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 67/19 by a large majority. The resolution granted the Palestinian Authority a status of an observer state, which is not a full member.